Routing to the Internet<br>Most internal networks, from large enterprises to home networks, use private IPv4 addresses for addressing all internal devices (intranet) including hosts and routers. However, private addresses are not globally routable.<br><br>In the figure, customer networks 1, 2, and 3 are sending packets outside their internal networks. These packets have a source IPv4 address that is a private address and a destination IPv4 address that is public (globally routable) ). Packets with a private address must be filtered (discarded) or translated to a public address before forwarding the packet to an Isp.<br><br>The diagram is a network topology with three networks, each connected to a different ISP router. The ISP routers are performing NAT between each network and the Internet.<br><br>Private IPv4 Addresses and Network Address Translation (NAT)<br>Before the ISP can forward this packet, it must translate the source IPv4 address, which is a private address, to a public IPv4 address using Network Address Translation (NAT). NAT is used to translate between private IPv4 and public IPv4 addresses. This is usually done on the router that connects the internal network to the ISP network. Private IPv4 addresses in the organization's intranet will be translated to public IPv4 addresses before routing to the internet .
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